red,+green+brown+algae

Red Algae are members of the Rhodopyta, a large group of aquatic algae with approximately 600 species. The red algae are characterized by reddish pigments. Are mostly grown in tropical and subtropical shores below the low-tide mark and may be found in fresh water. Most red algae are small multicellular organisms and most are very complex. Red algae are very different in shape wise, can be plate like, coralline, crust like, leathery, or featherlike. Fossils of red algae have been found in rocks 500 million years old. Red algae are unique because they do not create flagellated cells during their life time. Some reproduce by vegetation fermentation or by a complex life cycle involving alternation of generations. Some red algae have an economic importance. Red algae are able to live at great depths due to their efficiency in harvesting light energy. Red algae contain chlorophyll A and reddish accessory pigment called phycobilins. Phycobilins are especially good at absorbing blue light, enabling red algae to live deeper in the ocean than many other photosynthetic algae. Red algae are actually green, purple, or reddish black, depending on the other pigments they contain. Red algae also help play a part in the formations of coral reefs. They also help to maintain the equilibrium of the coral ecosystem, providing nutrients from photosynthesis that help coral animals. Red algae are widely used in western countries for curing cold sores. They are the traditional medicine for many diseases like urinary infection, asthma, goiter, disorders associated with the stomach, etc. It also provides nourishment to the skin, and hence effective in eradicating skin problems like boils. They are also helpful in treating ulcers and tumors. As well has been said by many science officials that it boosts your immune system. Green Algae are members of the largest phylum of the algae, and there are about 6000 to 7000 different types of species. This species is known as green or grass-green algae because of it bright green color, which is made by two chlorophylls, a and b. Among the oldest of all organisms are the first green algae which appeared more than 2 billion years ago in the fossil record. Most types of Green Algae have cell walls made up of two layers: an inner cellulose layer, and an outer layer of pectin. Green algae are also found on damp soil, attached to land plants, and even in snow and ice. The marine forms are often visible on coastal rocks exposed at low tide. Green algae reproduce vegetative, by fragmentation and by cell division; asexually, by means of spores and zoospores that develop directly into new plants; and sexually, by the fusion of pairs of sex cells. Green algae are members of the phylum chlorophyta which means green plants in Greek. Green algae share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments and cell wall composition. One stage in the life cycle of mosses looks remarkably like a tangled mass of green algae strands. Green algae are found in fresh and salt water, and even in moist areas on land. Many species live most of their lives as single cells. Others form colonies, groups of similar cells that are joined together but show few specialized structures. A few green algae are multicellular and have well-developed specialized structures. Brown Algae, happens to have 1500 species in the marine brown-colored algae known as seaweeds that make the brown algae phylum in the protist kingdom. They are found mostly in the tidal zones of temperate to polar seas, but some exist in the deep ocean. Brown algae are the largest of the algae; the well-known forms include the giant kelp and the free-floating sargassum weed. Their brown color is derived from the presence of the pigment fucoxanthin, which along the brown algae are multicellular and have differentiated structures that, in some species, bear a superficial resemblance to the roots, stalks, and leaves of true plants. These structures, however, are quite different internally. The cell walls of the algae are made of cellulose similar to that found in red algae. The plants undergo an alternation of generations. These structures, however, are quite different internally. The cell walls of the algae are made of cellulose similar to that found in red algae; the outsides of the walls are covered by a gelatinous pectic compound called algin. Brown algae belong to the phylum phaeophyta meaning dusky plants. Brown algae contain chlorophyll A and C, as well as a brown accessory pigment, fucoxanthin. The combination of fucoxation and chlorophyll c gives most of these algae a dark, yellow-brown color. All brown algae are multicellular and most are marine. Brown algae are considered as the group from which the higher plants evolved, on the basis of certain characteristics, and the compounds found in the pigments, used for photosynthesis. Out of all brown algae, the members of the order Chorales are considered as the closest relatives of higher plants. Unlike red and green algae, brown algae are in the Kingdom Chromista. Brown algae are often rooted to a stationary structure such as a rock, shell or dock by a structure called a holdfast. The brown algae include the largest and fastest growing seaweeds. Fronds of Macrocytisis may grow as much as 50 centimeters (20 in) per day, and the stipes can grow 6 centimeters in a single day. Brown Algae have adapted to a wide variety of marine ecological niches including tidal splash zone, and rock pools.